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ESSAOUIRA MEDINA
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From the place Moulay El-Hassan, a stroll around Essaouira's small but charming Medina takes you past the traders who throng the small lanes. Apparently designed by the Avignon architect Cornut, it's a combination of Portuguese-Moroccan styling, whilst the great Mosque, the belfry, it shady terraces and lively souk mean there's always something new to delight the eyes. As you meander along, you can watch craftsmen working with thuya wood near the ramparts. Then explore the gardens within the old city walls (Sqala) or wander along the ramparts with their bronze Spanish canons even nowadays protecting the town from imaginary invaders.
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ESSAOUIRA BEACHES
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Stretching over 6 kilometres, the beaches are great for sun lovers although too much sun cream is not advisable due to the all pervasive winds. And take care swimming, for even though the beaches are well supervised in high holiday months, the strong waves can often be dangerous. It's really only surfers who are in their true element here as they thoroughly enjoy the huge waves and strong winds. Recently, small cafés and restaurants have opened up all along the beach, their sunny terraces are ideal for off the cuff light snacks, a restful break and refreshing mint tea.
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ESSAOUIRA TRADITION
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East of the Medina, near the Bab El Sebbagh gate, tanners have been carrying out their trade for decades. The enormous vats exude a nauseating smell due to the quicklime and the mixture of animal urine and pigeon droppings used to soften the skins. So remember to carry some mint stems or a well perfumed handkerchief.
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GNAOUAS
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The Gnaouas are descended from Morocco's black slaves who probably originated in the Sudan. The music is trance inducing, not unlike Voodoo or Brazilian Candomblé. Moroccans, particularly the young, adore the mesmerizing rhythms (a bit like the Blues), so haunting, melancholic and spellbinding, and crowd to the town's Gnaoua festival which takes place every June. They worship the festival's artists, who include the best musicians from around the world, and who are all greeted as true stars. Their instruments include the Guenbri (a form of lute), drums (Ganga),and Garababs (twin metal castanets joined by a metal bar) which produce a very special rhythm. Truly, Gnaoua is music without frontiers.
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THE RAMPARTS AND THE SQALA OF THE KASBAH
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Essaouira's ramparts, with their crenulations and huge gates, have protected the town from invaders throughout its history. The canon still form a stronghold facing the sea. The fortifications which are very similar to those of Vauban in France, surround the inner town designed by Théodore Cornut. Wandering along the ramparts, you must visit the Kasbah's Sqala, admiring the bronze canon emblazoned with the arms of Aragon and Castille, as well as the 200 metre long platform whose historic Portuguese batteries undoubtedly form the most symbolic and picturesque part of Essaouira.
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ISLAND OF MOGADOR
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Looking out to sea from the port, you'll see two islands and some tiny ones close to the coast.
They are known as the islands of Mogador or Purpuraires (purple) islands. On the largest, which covers some 30 hectares and is also known as Pharoah's Island, are the ruins of a prison built at the end of the XIX century, as well as a mosque with its minaret and some abandoned fortifications. It's now a protected bird reserve (including black and herring gulls) and a stopping off place for the migratory Eleonora's falcons. The islands also help protect the bay from the powerful Atlantic waves.
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Important dates
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There are two different calendars in Morocco :
The secular Moroccan calendar (identical to the European one) featuring the following public holidays :
•1 January : New Year's Day •
11 January : Moroccan independence day (Istiqlal) • 1 May : Work holiday •
23 May : National holiday • 30 July : Accession to the throne of Mohamed VI • 14 August : Commemoration of Oued Eddahab • 20 August : Anniversary of the King and the People • 21 August : Holiday of Youth and birthday of Mohamed VI • 6 November : Anniversary of the Green March of the Morocain Sahara • 18 November : Celebration of Independence in 1956 (end of Mohamed V's exile)
The Muslim calendar which started on 16 July 622 AD and follows the lunar cycle. It is made up of 12 shorter months (29 or 30 days) which is why holidays vary when compared with the Western calendar.
•Chabana : 8th month of the Islamic year and eve of the month of Ramadan • Ramadan : 9th month of the lunar calendar (in 2010 it is due around 11 August – 9 September) • Aïd el Seghir : end of the Fast of Ramadan • Aïd el Kébir : Feast of mutton corresponding to Abraham's sacrifice • Ras el Am : Islamic New Year •Achoura : Anniversary of Moses crossing the Red Sea • Le Mouloud : Anniversary of the birth of the Prophet Mahommed
Other towns and regions of Morocco have their own local holidays known as Moussems, often associated with Saints. Some examples are :
• In May : moussem t Moulay Brahim (near Marrakech) • In August : cultural moussem at Asilah (next to Tangier) • In August : moussem of engaged coupless at Imilchil • In September : moussem of Moulay Idriss
Here are just a few other events :
• In May : festival of the world's sacred music at Fez • In May : Feast of the roses in the valley of Dades (near Ouarzazate) • In juin : National festival of popular arts in Marrakech • In juin : Gnaoua musical festival in Essaouira • In September : International film festival of Marrakech
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